Global Cultural Analysis: China Essay

goldbrickIn this paper, I will focus on the h ejecthenish issues, which American po beationors wishing to venture into the Chinese merchandise roll need to lease. It has been famed that antithetic countries carry diverse social backgrounds and governing bodys need to register the finishing, economy, and politics of a remote kingdom in advance venturing into that foodstuff. This means that date and resources moldiness be app beled in inquiry of these cultural backgrounds. In instituteition, accord how cultural dimensions in of importland master(prenominal)land chinaw atomic number 18 comp ar to that of the US is genuinely grave beca economic consumption it military service an practiceor in fetching good of them in fashioning the set decisions. Since the Chinese be real soaring of their culture, it has been melodic lined that contradictory entrustors should scan favor of enunciate ventures in order to benefit from the relationships complia nceal by topical anesthetic firms. In addition, the feature of Chinese products is under scrutiny across the universe of discourse, which means that domain-wide investors should see that products atomic number 18 up to standard.Introduction chinaw be is rapidly becoming a super prop wizardnt stinting all in ally and as a result, it has been glide slopeing the economic abilities of the join States. internationalization is nearly the flow of outside(a) knowledge and ideas, culture sharing, orbicular environment, and civil society. It has to be n wizardd that the rationality why companies decide to invest in new(prenominal) countries atomic number 18 diverse. Global amplification withdraws about all-embracing benefits and challenges for agreements wishing to take this path. Extensive explore, learning, and patience be required in advance peer little invests in a contrary country. It is grave to study the customs, culture, language, economic implications, and wakeless constitution of ruless of the country superstar is wishing to invest (Kline, 2010).Countries depress out t one(a)d that china is a really impressive country for outside(prenominal) enthronement because of the economic growth happening in the country. It is of paramount importance to note that some(prenominal)ly country has a unique culture, which implies that any unusual investor ought to take time to understand the culture of the reference country. Culture could be outlined as a roach of the sh ard time set, practices, attitudes, and goals that give an institution or disposal its identity. investiture in a country beforehand one understands the culture of that country submits to failure (Alon, 2003).Literature polish upMajor dimensions and elements of culture in china1 Major cultural dimensions in mainland chinaw atomic number 18The Peoples Republic of mainland china, which is commonly referred to as china, is the most(prenominal) populous country with a population of more than one meg. The geographical athletic field of China is more than 9 million squ ar kilometers and as a result, it is the fourth largest country in the world. There atomic number 18 several pagan groups in China, the Han Chinese is the largest group, and it is found in almost all split of the country. Other minority groups include Tibetan, Zhuang, Korean, and Mongol. The Chinese society is high context of use and non- vocal. The Chinese dandy deal acquire the knowledge of what they are supposed to do and say even if they are not told through conversation. Voice and seventh cranial nerve expressions play a critical piece in determining the feelings in a person. They do not arrive facial expressions when in a conversation. Direct eye contact is debared because it is viewed as a symbol of remissness (Clair & Norris, 2011). The Chinese alphabet is precise antithetic from the early(a)s because characters represent whole ideas, concepts, or words.The speech pattern does not determine the symbols to be apply and they are consistent throughout the diametric dialects. Chinese heap speak the Mandarin and Cantonese. Cantonese dialect happens to be common and it is mainly spoken in the south art object Mandarin is common in the northern part of the country. It is deserving noting that a dialect is the way words are pronounced exactly not how they are written. Moreover, it is serious for two sight communicating in antithetical dialects to understand one an separate. In addition, distinct voice tones result in unlike meanings of the same words, which mean that the wrong tone results in a different meaning for a word (Kelley, 1993). Greetings are a testicle affair in China and elders are wedded favorence by organism communicate front. In western countries, the great unwashed are addressed by their parachute name and titles. On the other hand, names are reversed in China whereby a person with the name o f tom Hanks would be known as Mr. Tom. Chinese keep their heads down when greet another person and use a detainmenthake later on insane asylum to unknowners. In most cases, entertainment is conducted in public places.A expectant honor is granted to those who attend home invitations. Tardiness is not accepted and people are anticipate to r separately their shoes when entering houses. Failure to remove shoes is seen as a sign of disrespect and shell outonor to the multitude (Alon, 2003). During dining, the military is ever the first to start eating. The host proposes the toasts. Guests are assess to eat a lot of solid food to army their host that the food is delicious. Smoking and consumption of large quantities of alcohol is common during feasting. The host is the one expected to take the last item from a serving dish whereas slurping of dishes, burping or belching are common among the Chinese after taking drinks or food. The traditional eating utensils are the chop sticks and they are fare on a rest or t subject when not in use.Playing with chopsticks is disrespecting the host (Kelley, 1993). The commie party, which rules China, is officially atheist. This means that they do not believe in the existence of God. Government officials are prohibited from keeping any spiritual beliefs and if any member is found to be religious, she or he is removed from office. Despite the circumstance that religious freedom is justifyd in the Chinese war paint, many are harassed and perse fill outed for their religious beliefs. The Chinese constitution only acknowledges five worships, which are Buddhism, Islam, Taoism, Protestantism, and Catholicism. The Chinese law of nature does not backbone any person who practices any other religion (Hu & Allen, 2005). The main religion in the country is Buddhism. Buddhist monks introduced it into the country in first vitamin C A. D. Buddhism religion is establish on Buddha Siddhartha Gautamas teachings. Rituals, val ues, morals, and traditions form the philosophical system of the religion.The fact that Buddhism is not theistic means that many people do not consider it a religion. On the other hand, Taoism is real serious in the culture of the Chinese people. Taoism has shaped the characters and minds of millions living in China, Hong Kong, Mongolia, southeasterly and East Asia, Taiwan, and Korea. The two main philosophical systems and religions are Taoism and Confucianism. Islam and Christianity account for less than six percent in the country whereas a very minor(ip) proportion of the population practices Protestantism and Catholicism. Muslims study their religion through the Quran as Christians use the Bible (Hu & Allen, 2005).The Chinese people chip in several holidays, which are Chinese festivals. The most common are ledgerists Day, Teachers Day, Army Day, Chinese commie Party Anniversary, Childrens Day, International Nurse Day, Youth Day, Arbor Day, Womens Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Qingming Festival, National Day, Mid-Autumn Day, May Day, Spring Festival, and New twelvemonths Day. The National Day and the Spring Festival, which are public holidays, take to the woods the Chinese to receive three off days. Marriages mystify immense cultural meaning to the people of China. Marriage unions are not between a man and woman only, but they unite families. A proposal confluence is set up and when the brides family accepts the grooms family, the groom and bride set a wedding date. Several gifts are sent to the brides family. It is worth noting that arranged marriages and incest are prohibited (Kline, 2010).2 The cultural elements in ChinaGiven the high population in China, the government activity has imposed a one- electric shaver policy. In urban areas the law is strictly enforced but a family has the right to petition the government to have a second child for several modestnesss. The obligation/s of a person towards the others is based on the teachings of Confuciu s, who was a Chinese philosopher. This is referred to as Confucianism and has been used in defining cultural values amongst East Asian countries for thousands of years. Confucianism is the leading philosophical system used in China.The Chinese education system is based on Confucianism. The government puts emphasis on education and those who attain excellent marks are appointed to government positions. The betrothals raise the living standards of the person appointed as sound as that of the family. Children from tumesce to do families have higher opportunities of accessing pure tone education when comparisond to those from poor families. Since the people value education, some children are locked up in rooms for the purposes of learning in some instances (Anantatmula & Thomas, 2010). The elements and dimensions integrated by locals conducting affair in China2.1.1 The integration of locals conducting line of products in ChinaCorruption has been on the rise in new-made years in China and it is considered one of the top social and political problems. Studies have revealed that rot is on the rise in the country and as a result, people are aware that the monetary cost brought about by decadency is on rise. Although the Chinese government has mechanisms of eradicating corruption, they are not sufficiently enforced. point suggests that less than three percent of corrupt officials end up in jail (Clair & Norris, 2011). Chinese organizations are unwilling to engage in deals with companies, which they do not know. All crinkle materials concerning corporate history, operate and products as well(p) as handicraft information are sent before an organization starts doing patronage with another one.All the information shared is official and the Chinese prefer face-to-face dealings. glaring plays a refer role in bloodline whereas gender is irrelevant in business. During social meetings, the Chinese do not engage in any business matters. Chinese prefer to offer gifts, which should be wrapped and received by both hands upon delivery. When one wants to engage in a meeting, a date should be set in advance. Patience is very important when in meetings and each speaker is abandoned enough time to air his or her views. Rank is very important in the Chinese culture and this implies that senior members sit together. Senior members of an organization are the ones who engage in negotiations. Men are expected to wear dark colored business suits whereas women should be in a business suit or a dress that has a high neckline with flat shoes (Clair & Norris, 2011). How cultural elements in China compare to the US business and culture3.1.1 Customs and LanguageThe United States is regretful than China in terms of geographical area. Its population is the third largest. safe like China, the United States has several ethnic groups. The three main ethnic groups in the US are the Caucasians, African Americans, and the Hispanics. Other minority groups in the country are Asian Americans, Native Americans among others. Americans are a vocal society as opposed to the Chinese who are non-verbal. In the US, qualitys and facial expressions are important in conversations but they are accompanied with verbal expressions. In the American society, altercations occur whereas the Chinese avoid all ill-chosen situations. The Americans use the English language for communication, which originated from England. English has an alphabet that is used to earn different words. After English, the second most common language is Spanish. Accents bet on where a person originates from and all the people comprehend the different accents as opposed to China. In the American culture, a handshake is the most common form of greeting.In addition, kisses, hugs and kissing on the cheek are other forms of greeting but not very common. Men are expected to remove their hats when dining or indoors. Mrs., Mr., and Miss followed by the last name of a person are used whe n addressing people for the first time. Although home entertainment is common, each person is expected to inform a host before visiting (Longenecker, 2010). A person should excuse himself or herself before leaving a dinner table and eating should start after the meal starts. A guest is not expected to eat everything offered as it happens in China. Belching, slurping and belching are signs of rudeness in US. The American constitution plugs all the people religious freedom. Moreover, majority of the people are Christians but a few practice Islam and Buddhism, which are excessively unspoiled in China.Although atheism is practiced in US, promotions are not do as it happens in China (Anantatmula & Thomas, 2010). Some of the officially recognized holidays in the US are Labor Day, Independence Day, Memorial Day, Presidents Day, Martin Luther King Day, Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Years Day. Most American workers are given off from work on these days. There some other unofficial hol idays, which the American people celebrate. Ethics and values are based on ones religious beliefs. The majority of marriage laws are the same in US and China. Polygamy and domestic violence are offenses in both states .There are no birth control laws in the US, as is the case in China (Kline, 2010).Corruption in the United States has been brought into the forefront by the scandals involving Enron, Martha Stewart, and other inside trading deals. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is charged with the responsibility of ensuring that businesses and investors are not subjected to illegal and unfair practices. Most organizations in the US have a code of moral philosophy that moldiness be followed by all employees in order to curb corruption. The code of ethics aid in protecting the businesses and ensure that employees behave honestly (Anantatmula & Thomas, 2010).3.1.2 Government electionsAlthough education is important in the lives of Americans, government appointments are not based on what one scores in school. Government appointments are given through free elections, which are conducted by the American citizens. Prior to allowing a person to reach for these positions, she or he has to meet certain conditions, which are age for governor and President and Citizenship when one is running for presidency. Other positions are through appointment by the President (Kline, 2010). Implications of US businesses wishing to invest in China4.1.1 The importance of learning a foreign cultureIt is important to inform with the culture of the country a person is wishing to invest in. corporal relationships could be tardily built after learning the culture of the Chinese people because interactions would be easier. The culture of the Chinese people is very different from that of the Americans. The Chinese are proud of their culture. This implies that when a business fails to respect the Chinese people and their culture, it cannot be victoryful in the country. There are several individual challenges that a person faces once she or he opts to invest in a foreign culture. It is important to understand that one moldiness invest resources, time, and money when she or he chooses to take the challenge. Global expansion is rife with very many challenges and risks, and this makes it difficult to understand the tilt.In addition, a business should try to understand the competitive advantage that it has over the other organizations in the same trade (Longenecker, 2010). To reduce the risks involved in enthronisation funds funds in China, one might choose to enter into a joint venture with an existing Chinese organization. This would give the American organization an advantage because it would be in a position to take advantage of the relationships established by the Chinese organization. The economy of China is growing rapidly and it threatens to make up that of the United States.This means that investment funds in China would encourage the countrys economy to grow and thus overtake the US. Corporations intending to globalize are attracted by the availability of cheap assiduity in China. Such companies cut the overhead costs and as a result, increase profits. Although this seems to pose an advantage to organizations on business point of view, in the end it would hurt the US economy further because it is under recession (Longenecker, 2010).4.1.2 Why local organizations invest in global tradesGlobalization has led to many organizations investing in foreign countries because the world has be issue forth a global village. The main reason why US unions are investing in foreign lands could be attributed to the fact that the US economy is under recession, which means that organizations have suffered considerable losses over the recent years. US consumers do not have as much money as they used to have before and this has slowed down consumption. In addition, very many people have disordered their jobs because of collapsing organiz ations, which has drove down the spending ability among American citizens (Alon, 2003).The American labor grocery place is very expensive and this has been reducing profits for corporations. On the other hand, the Chinese labor commercialize is cheap and this means that an organization that operate from China accumulates higher profits than the one operating from the US. China has an estimated one billion consumers and this provides an ideal market for organizations. Although the challenges and risks associated with globalizing are very many and real, it is important to note that when one conducts a comprehensive research chances of success are very high. This implies that before investing, one ought to take time and conduct an extensive research in order to ensure that she or he makes the right choices (Kelley, 2003).4.1.3 The unavoidable conditions for expansion into international marketAny organization that wishes to invest in a foreign country essential take time to learn a ll the aspects regarding that country. After gathering information about the foreign country, the investor must ensure that she or he comes up with an export intent. Investors should take time to learn the customs, culture, and the economy of the country they wish to make investments. The advance in technology has made it possible to gather information online and this should be the first point. Visiting the target market is very important because it gives the investor an opportunity of understanding the strength buyers, competition, distribution channels, and local rules. Attending events and trade shows that are associate to the field one would like to invest in is very important. At the show, it is important to take notes on services and products, competitors, labeling and packaging of products, which are akin to what the investor would be offering (Jayaraman, 2009).Prior to investing in a foreign country, one should have a clear understanding of the politics of that country. The communistic party in China controls cultural and economic institutions and has absolute power over the countrys legislation. Rules in China are not absolute and transparent as those of Western countries. Social networks are very important and they help an organization in avoiding bureaucracy and red tape. In addition, it takes time to build a reliable social network and this is a challenge for organizations investing in China. China has several legal challenges because the law is not clearly defined. Although China has been incorporated in World art Organization (WTO), patent rights are not clear and competitors and employees steal secure technology.This has made China a leader in the mathematical product of wangle goods, which are openly sold in markets across the country. Since Chinese value their culture more than anything else, a western investor entering the market must have an go-between. This implies that he or she cannot do business in China if she or he is not wil ling to collaborate with other Chinese investors. It is important to have a clear understanding of the Chinese people because they do not requirely refuse an offer.In most cases, the choice of products originating from China has been questioned because they have had several low flavor products over the recent years. This implies that any organization wishing to invest in China should understand that it has to fight these challenges if it has to have a competitive edge. In the western world, quality is very important and production should be done according to the specifications given in the contract. This implies that western organizations have to take time when checking the quality of products originating from China (Jayaraman, 2009).Questions before investing5.1.1 Is the timing rightOne of the first questions that an investor should get himself or herself when looking to start an investment either locally or in foreign markets is whether the timing is right. The prey of any i nvestment is to take on as much profit both on short and considerable term basis. To guarantee this, an entrepreneur should do a forensic research on his or her target market. While investment is all about taking risks and trusting that all will go well, it is possible to annunciate the chances of business survival if one has the right timing in his or her target market. This calls for an evaluation of certain factors like the economic policies of the host nation, the international trade policies and the market condition. The right timing for an investment creates more opportunities that guarantee success. An investor needs to consider the study of his or her goods and services as well as ability to supply them at the given time of investment start up (Murray, Ju & Gao, 2012).Investors need to be able to predict the market movement in the early so that they can foretell the viability of the market before they venture into it. This whitethorn be possible through looking into the economic analysis of the nation and the international market. Some financial analysts take that the market prices are always randomly fluctuating thus, in that hole is never an optimum time for venturing into a market.This hypothesis has been proved null by critics who believe that an investor can determine the success rate of the investment if he or she chooses the right time to get into the market. Depending on the type of business that an investor looks to start, there are always periods of low markets and high market trends. An investor should avoid venturing into a market during the low sales season. In the event that an investor moves into a market during the lowest sales season, the cost of doing business whitethorn add to the liabilities. This leads to an eventual diminishing profits trend that would kill the business in the long run (Murray, Ju & Gao, 2012).5.1.2 The ordered series of investmentInvestors should look at their expected value before they decide on the s cale of investment. The main aim of this should be to optimize the periodic capacity for the investors in order to downplay the failure insecurity (Dupuis & Prime, 1996). The investors should consider the time of investment as they fancy the scale of investment so that they can use the expected market value and trend to calculate the risk brought by the scale of investment. A good investor should not rely on chance, he or she should have his or her financial goals calculated in order to avoid unneeded loses. Looking at the market trend at a given time, the financial analysts can tell the optimal scale of investment that would guarantee the success of an investment this is normally done by using the market growth rate as an indicator of the future trends. An investor with un throttleed resources may be at a pause position to harness the opportunities presented by the right timing and the optimal scale of investment.Globalization has linked the world to become one large market in whi ch the competition in the entrepreneurial world is stiff. The market is filled with large and splendid corporations that each investor should consider before he or she embarks on a business venture. It is important to limit the scale of investment to a controllable surface in the initial days of business. While the market trends may be enticing and promising, an investor should not get carried away in his or her assets expansion.The use of the internet has helped most corporations to up their game in the competition. This means that a new investor or one looking to expand his or her try should first invest in the latest technology and have a grip on the competition. The market may be viable but the competitiveness of the major players in a given field should limit the scale of investment. Starting on small scale is always the safest fashion of investment. As the returns of the organization increase, the oversight should have a strategic plan on how to expand the investment (Dup uis & Prime, 1996).5.1.3 The ideal kettle of fishAn investor should always have a target society who will be the customers. Once an organization has pinpointed its crockedial customers, it should ensure that it locates the business in a strategic place where the products and services are easily accessible by the target group. China is one of the most developed nations in the world. It is extensively urbanized, meaning that there are many potential areas to situate an investment. There are divers(a) factors that an investor should consider before he or she chooses the location of his or her business in China. First, the people of China are highly cultural in the business activities. This means that depending on the type of investment chosen, the investor will have a certain group of customers. The business should be situated where there is a high concentration of potential customers for profit maximization purposes.The investor should also consider the take of competition in the area he or she is locating the business. An organization looking to survive in the Chinese market should pick an area where it is easy for it to monopolize the market (Dunfee, 2001). The location should also be well facilitated in terms of infrastructure. This is particularly important for the availability of the business to the customers. There should also be an efficient transportation system for the raw materials and the finished goods. The location of a business directly influences the production cost therefore, he business location should be in a place where the cost of production and other inherent liabilities are lessen. The location of the business should also be in an area where there is the potential of an expansion in the future.The Chinese towns and cities are overcrowded and the possibility of an organization expanding is particular(a) to the option of relocating. To avoid this, an organization looking to expand in future should locate its enterprise in a place whe re there is abundant space. The availability of energy and the security of the area should also be considered before a firm selects its ideal location for its business. A foreign business has a great chance of survival in China if the location is in an area where the policies of the company are parallel to the cultural values of the organization (Sign, Zhao & Hu, 2005).5.1.4 Exporting or ImportingThis is one of the least savage ingress modal values to a foreign market. In the Chinese market, there are many businesses that solely engage in importing and exporting products. These companies bring imports to China, which they sell out to the locals and they later export other goods from China to other parts of the world where they are based. The aim of this is to gain a enigmatical rooting into the Chinese marketplace before they can engage in an intense investment mode in the market. The businesses normally form lactating ties with importing and exporting agencies within China, w hich later come in proficient after they fully establish their enterprises. This mode of entry into a foreign market significantly minimizes the risk of investment since the involved companies can evaluate the market trends and decide on the best investment timing and scale of investment. It is a strategic entry mode that has been very trenchant for different organizations globally (Shehane, Huan & Ali, 2011).The most competitive corporations in China are transnational corporations that export goods from China to other international markets and import the goods on demand in the Chinese Market. The business is particularly successful since the commodities involved in the trade are selected according to their market value locally and internationally. If a firm is looking to start up on a small scale, there are many intermediary export and import firms that may form partnerships with it and over time, the company may rise up and form its own enterprise. Export and import mode of entr y into a market does not require a lot of capital hence the chances of making loses are minimized. A company without the required amount of capital to start up its investment may engage in this mode of entry until it gathers enough profit to use as capital for start up (Murphy, 2012).5.1.5 Use of intermediaries and their importanceWhether an investor is inexperienced or experienced in foreign markets entry, there is always the risk of using the wrong entry mode that would subject him or her to risks. To eliminate this risk factor in investment, an investor may choose to use or consult intermediary firms within the host country. The Chinese market has a very large number of intermediary companies involved with different products and services importation and exportation as well as sale in the local market. Among the first time investors in the Chinese market, the intermediaries act as a tool to deliver the import goods to the local market on behalf of the investors. The intermediaries help in making ties with the local businesses in China who may be interested in the products being sold by the new investor.The intermediary companies may also come in handy while acquiring export goods. Among the experienced foreign investors, the Chinese intermediary firms offer leads towards the operable business areas (Weldon, Li & Tsui, 2000). The advantages of having the intermediaries is that they easily manage all the issues concerning the payment of taxes, license acquisition and export activities among other paper work that would be hectic for the investors. The fact that they are already acquainted with the local business men makes them very useful in the formation of new relationships in the market with the best business partners available.With the help of the intermediaries, it is possible for the new players in the market to determine the genuine business partners in the host nation. They are also an asset when it gets to neutralizing the high competition especially in a developed nation like China where there are numerous foreign investors. As the new investors examine to start up their investment on full swing in the markets, the intermediaries work as the trainers to their new anxiety to help them cope with the policies in the host nation (Weldon, Li & Tsui, 2000).5.1.6 International experienceThe experience level of the intermediaries in the foreign market provides new investors with a tool to market their goods and to ensure that they get the right exposure to the target customers. The survival of foreign investors lies on who they know in the new market since the competition is always stiff. The intermediaries may help in securing business deals with potent investors in the international market, which further increases the chances of success.The Chinese market is one of the fastest growing markets in the international trade and this means that the competition level is always on the rise. The intermediaries have the experience with the e ver fluctuating market in China hence, for an investor who is looking to eliminate the loss risk in this market should research for help from such firms. The foreign financial teams are always at a better position to advice the new investors on the most feasible strategic plans to use while venturing into their market. The Chinese market is seasonal for different products and the natives are best suited in the prediction of the market trends (Weldon, Li & Tsui, 2000).5.1.7 Market sizeThe market size in a given nation is a great determinant of the profits attained of the foreign investors in that country. Foreign investors always look to invest in foreign markets in which profitability is guaranteed even for the small scale investors. The size of the market is determined through the demand for the given good and services as well as the state of the competition in that nation. The economic policies in the host nation must also be favorable in order for the market size to be feasible. The demand for most goods in the Chinese market is extremely high owing to the large population. The big size of the market reduces the suspense risk for the foreign investors. The size of a market also determines the investment entry mode, the timing and the scale of investment for foreign firms. The host nations government policies determine the feasibility of the market (Muller, 2007).5.1.7 EnvironmentThe political environment in a host nation is the most important factor that a foreign investor should look at prior to making investment arrangements. Different governments have different policies that are effective on the foreign investors. The policies entail the taxation rates and the rates of subsidiary acquisition for the foreign firms. There are nations with very discouraging government policies that make the business environment very acid for foreign investors while other nations have enticing policies.Chinas policies are very stable since the nation is politically stabl e. This means that the policies are not likely to be changed for the worse anytime soon. The availability of labor and the liabilities that the employees puzzle to the foreign investor should also be considered. The operation costs should be minimized as much as possible. The legal implications of the type of business that one is trying to start up should be considered too. This involves licenses acquisition and the certification of the ethical requirements in the host nation (Muller, 2007).ConclusionThe population of China makes it one of the most viable markets for local and foreign investments. The high demand for goods and services calls for the entrepreneurs to keep up with the competition it creates. Having foreign investors in the Republic makes it difficult for new investors to venture into the market without first having to calculate the risk involved. acquire into such a market attracts a lot of risk that would lead to business failure. China has numerous companies that act as intermediaries for foreign investors. These companies help foreign investors to grow their businesses and to build surviving empires through forming partnerships with the most potent business firms in the republic on behalf of foreign investors. The intermediaries reduce the uncertainty risks for the foreign investors. The cultural elements of the republic also play a great role in determining the investment methods for foreigners as well as the locals. These factors should be considered by all investors looking to invest in the Chinese market.Annotated bibliographyAlon, I. (2003). Chinese culture, organizational behavior, and international business management. Westport, CT Quorum Books. The author notes that the people across the world have understood that China is good destination for investment because of its rapidly growing economy. Moreover, several challenges face organizations wishing to invest in the country mostly because of the Chinese culture, which they are very p roud of. The author explains what need to be done in order to be successful in China. Anantatmula, V. & Thomas, M. (2010). Managing global projects A structured approach for better performance. Project Management diary, 41(2) 60-72. Management of global projects comes with very many challenges because a person has to deal with a different culture and political environment.This implies that investors must take time to study the implications of investing in foreign markets, and what it expects. Clair, N. S. & Norris, J. T. (2011). rail line ethics and social responsibility in contemporary China. diary of donnish & job Ethics, 5 1-9. Business ethics in China are very complicated because the law is not well defined. This is the main reason why China produces counterfeit goods and products of low quality. Investors should be aware of these challenges and gussy up ways of dealing with them. In addition, there are several legal challenges that investors face in China because of the c ontrol of the economy by the communist party. Dunfee, T. W. & Warren, D. E. (2001). Is Guanxi Ethical? A Normative Analysis of Doing Business in China. Journal of Business Ethics, 32(3) 191-204.This Journal discusses different levels of ethical practices that a business should salute in the Chinese market. It looks into the investment implications of foreign entrepreneurs in the Chinese market. Dupuis, M. & Prime, N. (1996). Business distance and global retailing a model for analysis of key success/failure factors. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 24(11) 3038.This diary discusses the various business risks and uncertainties that are attracted by foreign investment. The authors particularly analyze the factors leading to success and failure in the retail business in the international markets. Hu, H. L. & Allen, W. C. (2005). Religions of the World Taoism.Philadelphia Chelsea House Publishers.Religion plays an important role in understanding the culture of a given society. The author discusses the worlds religions and how they influence the people around the world. They note that Chinese main religions are Buddhism and Taoism. The religions govern the cultural beliefs of the Chinese people. In addition, atheism is astray practiced in the country. Jain, S. C. (2006). Emerging economies and the transformation of international business Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRICs). Northampton, MA Edward Elgar. China is an emerging economy and receives the largest share of foreign direct investment after the United States. This can be attributed to the fact that the Chinese country has a very big population and this provides market for goods and services produced in the country. Jayaraman, K. (2009).A risk analysis. Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets, 1(1) 1-9. Before investing in any foreign country, it is important to have an assessment of the risks involved. The author gives the reader an understanding of the risks involved when one is investing in China. The communist party and other legal challenges are the main risks associated with foreign investment in China. Kelley,L. (1993). International Business in China. New York Routledge. China has very many international businesses operating in the country thanks to its growing economy. Investors have realized that one is able to take advantage of the one billion Chinese consumers to increase profitability.Investing in China needs research to understand what one should do to be successful. Kline, J. (2010). Ethics for International Business Decision-Making in a Global Political Economy. New York Taylor & Francis. Decision-making is very important when investing in a foreign country. Mechanisms should be put in place, which allow employees to make the right choices at all times. It has been noted that the legal system of the China is flawed. This implies that very many legal loopholes used to swindle organizations.This can be attributed to the fact that th e government does not enforce all laws. Longenecker, J. G. (2010). Small business management Launching & growing entrepreneurial ventures. Australia South-Western Cengage Learning. Management of small businesses comes with challenges because of the competition offered by large multinationals. The US economy is under threat from being overtaken by that of Chinese government and very many US organizations are investing in the country. This means that the organizations are helping in developing the Chinese economy and this poses a threat to the US. Muller, T. (2007). Analyzing Modes of Foreign Entry Greenfield Investment versus Acquisition. Review of International Economics, 15(1), 93-111.This daybook analyzes the factors to be considered by a multinational corporation looking to enter a given new market. It gives a highlight on the different forms of market entry that are viable for different foreign markets and the factors to consider in the markets. Murphy, M. (2012). An Integratio n of Cultural Frames of Reference with the Market Entry Decision. Journal of International Business Research, 11(1), 43-57.This Journal discusses the implications of the cultural requirements in a market. The authors paint a clear picture of what is expected of an organization by the people while they are entering their home market. The ethics of their business is emphasized. Murray, J. Y., Ju, M. & Gao, G. Y. (2012). Foreign Market Entry Timing Revi setd Trade-Off between Market Share Performance and Firm Survival. Journal of international Marketing, 20(3), 50-64.The authors of this journal focus on the right timing in business investment. Their main focus is in the foreign markets. They address all the factors that an investor should consider and the indicators that a foreign market is viable. Shehane, R., Huan, X. & Ali, A. (2011). A framework analysis of the Action cast for Import Safety (APIS). Journal of International Business & Cultural Studies, 5(1)1-19.This journal gives a n analytical framework for the importation policies and guidelines that should govern the processes of importation for the purpose of ensuring effective management. The analysis refers to the U.S. and the Chinese markets. The authors focus on the safety of imports and the management of imports. Singh, N., Zhao, H. & Hu, X. (2005). Analyzing the cultural content of web settles A cross-national comparison of China, India, Japan, and US. International Marketing Review, 22(2) 129146.This journal is an analysis of the implications of the cultural beliefs and ethical standards involved in the business domain in different nations including China. The authors compare and contrast the cultural beliefs of the people in these states. Weldon, E., Li, J. T., & Tsui, A. S. (2000). Management and organizations in the Chinese context. New York St. Martins Press.This book focuses on business management requirements in the Chinese market. It discusses the challenges and strengths of good business m anagement in the Chinese economy.ReferencesTop of FormAlon, I. (2003). Chinese culture, organizational behavior, and international business management. Westport, CT Quorum Books. http//www.questia.com/library/106810418/chinese-culture-organizational-behavior-and-international Anantatmula, V. & Thomas, M. (2010). Managing global projects A structured approach for better performance. Project Management Journal, 41(2) 60-72. https//search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=48836961&site=eds-live Clair, N. S. & Norris, J. T. (2011). Business ethics and social responsibility in contemporary China. Journal of Academic & Business Ethics, 5 1-9. https//search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=70868688&site=eds-live Dunfee, T. W. & Warren, D. E. (2001). Is Guanxi Ethical? A Normative Analysis of Doing Business in China. Journal of Business Ethics, 32(3) 191-204. https//search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=12128518&site=eds-live Dupuis, M. & Prime, N. (1996) Business distance and global retailing a model for analysis of key success/failure factors, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 24(11) 30 38. http//www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=857181&show=pdf